By ΠΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Ρ Π€ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΈΡ
Π€ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Ρ, 2024
ΠΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π€ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π² Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ β Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ XVI Π²Π΅ΠΊΡ. ΠΡΠΎΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆ Π²ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π» Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ³Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΠΌ, Π Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. Π ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡ ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΠΌ ΡΠΆΠΈΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Ρ , Π° ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΉΡΠΊΠ° Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½ ΠΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π» Π Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈ. Π ΡΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π²Π»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ°Π±ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ, Β«Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΠ΅Β». ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΈ, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΠ°ΡΠ» V, ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΠ³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΠΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ, Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡ, Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°.
Francis Wens, 2024
This book by renowned historian Francis Wens delves into a pivotal era of European history: the exceptionally long and event-filled 16th century. This crucial turning point blended the fading characteristics of the Middle Ages, marked by witch hunts, the Reformation, and brutal wars, with the dawn of the modern era, bringing profound change and scientific discovery. Wars followed one another, uprisings erupted across Europe, and witches were burned at the stake. Ottoman forces invaded the continent, while Martin Luther's "95 Theses" led to his excommunication. The Habsburg domains expanded so widely they would later be known as an empire "on which the sun never set." Wens paints a vivid tapestry of the age, featuring Emperor Charles V, William of Orange, great artists, and the Inquisition, laying the groundwork for contemporary society.