By ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ Π.
Π―Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΈ ΠΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΠΌΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠ³ΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² Π΅Ρ Π·Π°Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°. ΠΠ½ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π°ΡΠΌΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠ΅. ΠΡΠ° ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π»Π° ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΈΡΠ»Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π―Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ.
The Janissaries were elite infantry regiments of the Ottoman army, playing a crucial role in its conquests and the maintenance of order. They were among the first standing armies in Europe, formed through the devshirme system. This system involved collecting boys from Christian families, converting them to Islam, and training them in warfare and administration. The Janissaries wielded considerable influence at court and in the empire's political life, which occasionally led to revolts and palace coups.