By Dehaene Stanislas
Dehaene Stanislas, 2021
ΠΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° Β«ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΒ» ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ . ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ, Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°. ΠΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π·ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅.
Π‘ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ»Π°Ρ ΠΠ΅Π°Π½ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΌΡΡΠΈ Π² Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°: Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π²Π΄ΠΎΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ°. ΠΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΡ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π°.
ΠΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ, Π½Π΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΡ, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°. Β«ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΒ» ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Ρ , ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ.
Dehaene Stanislas, 2021
"How We Learn" explores the remarkable human capacity for learning, delving into the psychological, neuronal, synaptic, and molecular mechanisms that govern how our brains acquire information. The book examines how infants rapidly acquire language and knowledge, highlighting the brain's plasticity and adaptability throughout life. It bridges the gap between neuroscience, cognitive psychology, and computer science to provide a comprehensive understanding of the learning process.
Stanislas Dehaene presents strategies for enhancing learning and memory at any age, emphasizing the four pillars of learning: attention, active engagement, error feedback, and consolidation. The book draws on case studies of children who overcame learning challenges, illustrating the critical role of brain plasticity during youth. It also explores the brain's capacity for reprogramming and adaptation, making it a valuable source of inspiration for advancements in artificial intelligence.
"How We Learn" offers insights into optimizing learning algorithms in educational settings and everyday life. It provides a framework for understanding how the brain processes information and adapts to new circumstances, offering practical applications for educators, students, and anyone interested in maximizing their learning potential.