By Π Π΅Π½Π°Π½ ΠΡΠ½Π΅ΡΡ
ΠΡΠ½Π΅ΡΡ Π Π΅Π½Π°Π½ - 2025
ΠΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° ΠΡΠ½Π΅ΡΡΠ° Π Π΅Π½Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΠ²ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΈ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π²Π΅ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌ, ΠΠ°ΡΠΊ ΠΠ²ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ. Π Π΅Π½Π°Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π²Π° ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ Π΄ΡΡΠ³Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π»ΠΈ. ΠΠΎ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² 180 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ.
Ernest Renan - 2025
Ernest Renan's book examines the reign of Emperor Marcus Aurelius and the development of the Christian church. The author views the second century AD as the period of Christianity's definitive establishment. Concurrently, Marcus Aurelius and the Stoics attempted to strengthen their teachings and create a secular school of virtue. Renan suggests these two movements were incompatible and hindered each other. He posits that the emperor's death in 180 AD marked the end of classical civilization.