By Π’Π΅ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π² ΠΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ
Π’Π΅ΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π² ΠΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡ ΠΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π°Π΅Π²ΠΈΡ, 2017, Π‘Π΅ΡΠΈΡ: ΠΠ°Π±ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ
ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎ-Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° XV β ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ XVI Π²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅. ΠΠ°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠ³Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π½Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ β ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½. Π Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π»Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ½ΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎ-Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΎΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΡΡΠ»Ρ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½.
Victor Nikolaevich Temushev, 2017, Series: Forgotten Wars of Russia
The Moscow-Lithuanian border wars of the late 15th to early 16th centuries significantly altered the geopolitical landscape of Eastern Europe. This book focuses on the least studied period: the first of these conflicts. It established the strategic relationship between neighboring states and shaped the ideology of the Russian state, which pursued the program of gathering Russian lands within the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The author employs a historical-geographical approach to sources, analyzing the course of military actions, their direction, territorial losses, and regions of subsequent conflicts. The study highlights the methods of warfare, including population intimidation, trade disruption, raids, weakening of power centers, and land acquisition, with combat actions playing a secondary role.